Cancer occurs because of the DNA of cells that have mutated and then when the cells divide through mitosis, the damaged DNA is then copied into the new cell - which later is spreading and forming a tumor or cancer. At the same time, the cancer cells to reproduce which tends to be faster than other cells because it has a fairly short life span; thus cancer can cause damage in a short time and at a certain stage can not be controlled anymore. If cancer cells are part of an important organ, the organ could stop working and cause various complications and death. In some other cases, the cancer can spread to other areas (metastasis). This is why cancer should be detected early and then eliminated as much as possible.
However, not all types of cancer have in common. There is an essential difference between some types of cancer, for example: brain cancer and liver cancer. Both have cancer cells are typically different. This is because of differences in the location and function of organs, so that the dangers and symptoms are also different. Some types of cancer are lightweight and have a high possibility of recovery, some other kind of very dangerous and can cause death. By understanding some type or types of cancer, you can become more aware and make every effort to avoid it. Here are 5 of the most dangerous types of cancer and lethal:
1. Colon Cancer
Colon cancer is cancer kolokteral, occurs in the large intestine (colon) - the final part of the digestive system functioning extracting water and salt before being discharged. The growth of cancer cells at an early stage in the gut detected by colonoscopy (colonoscopy) and can usually be cured. 90% of cases are found at this stage can survive up to 5 years. But if it had spread to the lymph nodes, the prognosis is getting worse (48%), and if it spreads more widely, then the prognosis plummeted to only 7% are able to survive. Colon cancer went into three major types of cancer most frequently diagnosed worldwide.
Symptoms of colon cancer varies depending on the position of the tumor, and the most prominent symptom is if the tumor is near the anus. This will lead to major changes in bowel habits - unexplained constipation, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, and bowel were never completed. In some cases, the tumor can be quite large and fill the entire lumen causing abdominal distention (abdominal bloating). Finally then can lead to perforation (perforation) and peritonitis (inflammation of the lining of the stomach). Tumors of the colon which is located on the left with a fairly large size can cause "hydronephrosis" (swelling of the kidney) or distention of the renal pelvis and cause atrophy (atrophy) of the kidney.
Large bowel or colon cancer generally affects those over the age of sixty and seventies. For the case at the age of 50 years and below are usually due to hereditary factors. Smokers seem to have a huge risk in these colon cancer, and also in those who frequently eat meat and red and rarely eat fruits, vegetables, and poultry (meat and eggs). Consumers of alcohol also have a higher risk of this type of cancer. Regular exercise can reduce the risk. Medical treatment of these cancers such as surgery or chemotherapy.
2. Pancreatic Cancer
The pancreas is a gland that is responsible endoktrin produces several hormones, including insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin and also the digestive organs secrete enzymes that serve important and helps the absorption of nutrients.Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Progonosis disease is very bad, only about 6% percent were able to survive within a period of five years.
The scariest part of pancreatic cancer are symptoms that are difficult to detect because it is too general, so this cancer earned the nickname "the silent killer". Therefore, pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose until then looks after reaching a certain stage.
Some of the symptoms of pancreatic cancer include loss of appetite, weight loss, jaundice (penguningan on the eyes and skin), pain in the abdomen, diabetes (due to reduced function of the pancreas to produce insulin), depression due to hormonal changes, and blood clots at the end (portal) vein. The main factors with the highest risk is heredity and age (the majority of patients aged 60 years and over). Another factor is smoking and alcohol, although alcohol is a factor this is still being debated. Another factor is obesity and the consumption of red meat and poultry without the intake of vegetables and fruits enough. Carbonated drinks (soft drinks) is one of the factors that contribute to food increases the risk, as well as diabetes.
Again, the treatment of any type of cancer depends on the stage and type, but generally involves the Whipple procedure in which the head of the pancreas and duodenum removed indentation, then created a bypass to connect the stomach and jenunum. This of course can only be done before the cancer spread to local structures for major surgery, it could cause other risks are greater.
3. breast cancer
Breast cancer is a cancer that is most talked about and accounted for about 7.4% of deaths due to cancer. This cancer attacks the breast tissue and can actually occur in women and men, although women tend to be more experienced. The development of cancer cells derived from milk ducts or the lobules that supply the channel with milk. Cancer treatments generally involve surgery, although chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation is also used. Surgery is usually performed to remove tissue affected by cancer and chemotherapy is then performed to prevent its spread back.
The most important thing to be seen in the development of breast cancer is a change in the skin and the texture of the breast. One of the most common symptom is a lump that feels different in the breast. This method contributes to about 80% percent of breast cancer cases. Other symptoms include changes in size, shape, or texture of the breast and nipple. The emergence of white spots could also be an indication. At this stage, a mammogram is then used to diagnose conditions more fully.
The main factors of breast cancer are gender (female). Even so, the age factor also plays a role. Mothers who already have children and breastfeed have a lower risk. Another factor that is generally found as a risk factor in several types of cancer are smoking and alcohol.
4. Lung Cancer
Lung cancer accounts for about 28.3% of all deaths due to cancer; sit this type of cancer as the number one cause of cancer death in the world. Across the world, lung cancer causes the death of 1.5 million people per year. Hallmark of cancer is of course characterized by the development of cancer cells in the lung tissue and surrounding areas. This type of cancer including carcinomas derived from epithelial cells.
Lung cancer can be seen through chest radiography or computed tomography scan (CT scan) and confirmed by biopsy. The important things to note as the detection of this cancer are symptoms such as coughing up blood, shortness of breath, chronic cough, wheezing, chest pain, fatigue, weight loss, and difficulty swallowing.
Handling is generally performed on lung cancer are surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy is done to remove the cancer cells or prevent breeding. Surgery performed on lung cancer with a type of "lung cancer cells with no small" (non-small cell lung carcinoma / cancer [NSCLC]), because this type is not quickly spread than other types.
The main cause of lung cancer is smoking, which contributes to about 15% of lung cancer cases. This shows how important you should avoid tobacco and smoking. Other causes include exposure to asbestos, pollution and radon gas. The genetic factor is also one factor that can not be ruled out.
5. Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer accounts for approximately 5.1% of cancer deaths. Cancer cell growth occurs in the prostate tissue. The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system that stores and alkali whitish discharge (semen / sperm) and help outlays on the ejaculatory process - though usually only appear after reaching the next stage.
In general, prostate cancer develops slowly although in some cases have been reported to spread aggressively and cause metastasis to other areas; especially the bones and lymph nodes. The symptoms are visible and can be felt include pain, frequent urination, difficulty ejaculating, the appearance of blood in the urine (hematuria), sexual problems like sexual organ dysfunction (impotence), and several other symptoms. Genetics, poor diet, and other factors cause a high risk of developing this cancer. Diagnosis is usually done using a CT scan and confirmed by biopsy.
Main handling in prostate cancer are surgery, radiation, radio surgery, and proton therapy, although it did not rule out the possibility of other therapeutic methods, such as chemotherapy, are also prevalent.
Other types of cancer also Dangerous and Deadly
Although five types of cancer that have been mentioned above is the most dangerous and could cause a risk of death, but it helps us see the types of other cancers are also at risk, among them is a liver cancer (3%), ovarian cancer (2.7 %), esophageal cancer (2.4%), bladder cancer (2.4%), and brain cancer (2.4%). If all five types of cancer above coupled with 5 different cancer types just mentioned, the total contribution to overall cancer mortality was 69.1%.
Conclusion
What can we learn from several types of cancer as well as small statistics on deaths from cancer in the above is that the cancer is very dangerous and life threatening us. However, the unhealthy lifestyle that we usually consider trivial, harmless, and we see in passing could contribute crucially to the risk of cancer, of any kind. Therefore, pay attention to food intake, avoid smoking and drinking habits, exercise, and other healthy activities can not be underestimated. Something as simple turned out to have a great impact, for better or worse, is not it?
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